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A Journey into the 1930s

A Journey into the 1930's

Something very exciting has happened! I was given the opportunity to costume "The Philadelphia Story" for a local community theater and I am beyond enthused to begin my costuming preparation. It's not every day that you get to make a group of people wear historic dress (I truly mean historic dress! Not historic costumes). I intend to dress them in appropriate under garments to provide proper silhouettes, and they will be HAPPY about it!

Thus begins my research into the past and how the historic events played a part in the evolution of fashion in the United States between 1935 and 1940. It was a tumultuous time and clothing styles drastically changed. Men and women would decide not to emulate the famous actors and actresses in the golden age of Hollywood and instead move toward the more frugal and multi-purpose clothing of war-time America.

A lot happened in 5 years, including:

  • In 1935, the Nazi party formally revoked German citizenships for all Jews.
  • In 1936, Edward VIII abdicating the throne of England to marry his American mistress, Mrs. Wallace-Simpson.
  • In 1937, the Hindenburg exploded in NJ, killing 36 people.
  • In 1939, England and France declared war on Germany.
  • In 1939, Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassman discovered nuclear fission.

Meanwhile, America was still recovering from The Great Depression (1929). Hemlines dropped and waistlines rose as fashion moved away from the frivolity of the 1920s and people became more invested in clothing with versatility. More women entered the workforce and, as such, their clothes became more angular and tailored. The release of "Gone with the Wind" in 1939 inspired fashion houses to release more feminine and romantic clothing and sewing patterns, due to the film's massive popularity.

The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]), 30 Nov. 1938. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1938-11-30/ed-1/seq-30/>
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]), 30 Nov. 1938. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress.

New fashion designers rose to fame, such as Elsa Schiaparelli, who was famous for her unconventional themes. One of my favorite pieces created by Schiaparelli is the Lobster Dress, worn by Mrs. Wallis Simpson. Schiaparelli frequently worked with Salvador Dali, who created the iconic lobster and parsley images on the Lobster Dress.

Wallis Simpson in Vogue, 1937  Photo: Cecil Beaton / Getty Images

If you are interested in reading more about Elsa Schiaparelli, check out this Vogue article.

Although we can attribute many fashion changes to global events and moving pictures, one particular invention changed the world. DuPont created the first ever man-made fiber: Fiber-66, also know as Nylon. Back seamed nylon stockings were made public at the 1939 World's Faire in NY. The official release of DuPont Nylon Stockings in 1940 saw over 4 million pairs of stockings sold in four days.

This blog post will be continued through the entire historic dress creation process. Check back for updates!